Organ Culture Techniques
The first attempt at organ culture was by Loeb in 1897, who maintained adult rabbit liver, kidney, thyroid and ovary on small plasma clots in test tubes and noted that these organs retained their normal histological features for 3 days. Later in 1919, Loeb and Fleischer reported that the culture tube must be filled with O₂ to prevent central necrosis of the explants.

The technique of organ culture has since been considerably refined; it may utilize one of the following 5 approaches (for details of protocols see, Freshney 1987, 1992).