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Plasma Clot -
In this approach, the explant is cultured on the surface of a clot consisting of chick (or other) plasma and chick embryo extract contained in a watchglass therefore, it is also called watchglass technique. The watchglass mayor may not be closed with a glass lid sealed with paraffin wax.

This has been the classical standard technique for studying morphogenesis in embryonic organ rudiments. It has been also modified to study the action of hormones, vitamins, carcinogens, etc. on adult mammalian tissues.

A widely used watchglass approach is as follows. The explant is placed on a suitably prepared clot kept in a watchglass. One or two such watchglasses are kept in a Petri dish lined with a moist filter paper or cotton wool to minimise evaporation of the clot. The Petri dish is usually incubated at 37.5°C. Fresh clots have to be provided every 2-3 days for avian tissues and every 3-4 days for mammalian tissues.

In a modification of this approach, small (2 mm x 1.5 mm x 1 mm) organ rudiments or pieces are placed on plasma clots kept on a cover slip, which is then inverted onto the cavity in a microconcavity microscopic slide; the coverslip is sealed with paraffin wax. The plasma clot is prepared by mixing 3 drops of chicken plasma with one drop of chick embryo extract (50%) onto the cover slip.

The plasma clot can be replaced by fresh clots by lifting the cover slip. This method is inexpensive, permits light microscopic observations during culture and is suitable for studies such as hair growth, foetal mouse skin differentiation, etc.

One of the chief disadvantages of all plasma clot methods is that the clot liquefies in the vicinity of explants so that they become partly or fully immersed in the medium. The duration of culture is rather short (less than 4 weeks) and biochemical analysis is not possible due to the complexity of the medium.

 
   
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