In Situ Conservation, Natural Monuments, Cultural Landscapes, Biosphere Reserves, Protection of Mammals, Nature Reserves

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	In Situ Conservation - This type of conservation applies only to wild fauna and flora and not to the domesticated animals and plants, because conservation is achieved by protection of populations in nature. It includes a system of protected areas of different categories, e.g. National Parks, Sanctuaries, Nature Reserves, Natural Monuments, Cultural Landscapes, Biosphere Reserves, etc.
In situ conservation of forest trees. Efforts are being planned by CGIAR's latest international agricultural research centre, CIFOR (Centre for International Forestry Research) to conduct research for in situ conservation of forest trees. It is argued that although the tropical foresters reserve forest areas against other land uses, these have been used for multiple purposes (for water catchment, protection of mammals or birds, etc.). Therefore, CIFOR will conduct research and find more rational location of in situ reserves for the conservation of woody plants germplasm. This work will be done in close collaboration with IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources), and the national institutes in developing countries.