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Risk Assessment-Risk is a function of the level of hazard and the probability of occurrence of the hazard. Thus risk may be defined as the undesirable consequences of an activity in relation to the likelihood of these consequences being realized. A hazard is any imaginable adverse effect that can be identified and measured.

Risk assessment involves determination of the potential and anticipated adverse effects of the recombinant DNA research to the concerned workers, and of the products of such research on human health and the environment consequent to their accidental or deliberate release (in case of living organisms) or as a result of their consumption.

Risk assessment should be carried out in a scientifically sound and transparent manner, and should be in accordance with recognized risk assessment techniques.