Various chemical and mechanical processes are currently used to release cellulose from its encasing lignin matrix (this process is called pulping), but they suffer from serious disadvantages-including damage to cellulosic fibres, high costs, high energy use and corrosion.

In this connection, a ligin degrading and modifying enzyme (LDM) isolated from Phanerochaete chrysosporum was found useful, since it may reduce energy costs and corrosion thus increasing the life of the system and also reduce environmental hazards associated with bleach plant effluents.

Bioreactors have been designed, where environmentally problematic processes have been replaced by those which are environment friendly. Arrangements have also, been made to treat effluents from this system.