The use of 'legume Rhizobium' strain for restoration of degraded lands may involve the following steps: (i) produce inoculum of selected rhizobia strains on a commercial scale; (ii) evolve effective and efficient carriers of inoculum for field inoculation and (iii) evolve suitable technique for rapid seedling establishment and nodulation. Different Rhzobium strains may be suitable for different soils. For saline soils, R8 and for acidic soils R36 and R73 were found useful.

Trees associated with rhizobia can also be used for reforestation on degraded lands. Micropropagation has been used with several leguminous tree species to be used for plantations on degraded lands. These tree species include the following: Acacia 'nilotica, Albizia lebbeck, Dalbergia latifolia, D. sissoo, Leucaena leucocephala, Prosopis cineraria, Sesbania grandiflora, and S. sesban.