Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases STD Using Monoclonal Antibodies,Neisseria Gonorrhoeae,Chlamydia Trachomatis,Herpes Simplex Virus,Menurethritis,Epididymitis,Protiditis

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Biotechnology in Medicine
Animal and Human Health Care
Developement of Vaccines for Immunity
Synthetic Peptides as Vaccines
Diganosis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) Using Monoclonal Antibodies
Classical Methods for Diagnosis
Preparation and Selection of Antibodies for Diagnosis of STDs
Cultured Stem Cells and Bone Marrow Transplantation
Grafting of Artificial Skin (Obtained from Cultured Cells) after Severe burns
Vaccines for Fertility Control
Genetic Counselling for Couples for Chance of Having a Child with Congenital Defect
Making a Choice of Baby's Sex
Identification of Murderers and Rapists and Many More

	Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Diseases STD Using Monoclonal Antibodies - (a) Characteristics of human sexually transmitted diseases. The occurrence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) particularly in the developed countries and in relatively free society in our country has increased in recent years. The most common pathogens responsible for STDs are (i) Neisseria gonorrhoeae, (ii) Chlamydia trachomatis and (iii) Herpes simplex virus (HSV). These pathogens also have a role in a wide spectrum of diseases and therefore their simple diagnosis tests will be a great help.
(i) Neisseria gonorrhoeae causes the following diseases: (i) In menurethritis, epididymitis, (ii) In women urethritis, cervicitis, endometritis and salpingitis and (iii) In both men and women- protiditis and pharyngeal infection.In a number of infected persons, other diseases also appear which include arthritis, dermatitis, endocarditis, meningitis, chorioamnionitis, premature delivery and blindness. The diagnosis of gonorrhoea is often done through microscopic examination and through culture of the bacterium on a selective medium taking few days.
(ii) Chlamydia trachomatis also causes infection in urethra, cervix, rectum and conjuctivae, and leads to diseases, some of them common with gonorrhoea. It also causes pneumonia in young infants. The clinical similarities of N. gonorrhoea with C. trachomatis are complicated by their co- transmission in many cases, so that the diagnosis of C. trachomatis is very difficult.
(iii) Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infections are most common and once caught, it remains life long and is transmitted. It is classified as HSV l and HSV 2. The diagnosis is mainly done through cell culture; type 1 and type 2 arc distinguished through immunological analysis (this is called HSV typing).