Biotechnology and Metabolic Engineering - One of the major objectives of biotechnology research is the use of living systems for the production of metabolites at the industrial scale. However, cell's metabolic networks that evolved in nature are not optimized for industrial production of these metabolites.In such cases, performance of metabolic pathways is being manipulated, so that the metabolites are overproduced.

The opportunity to introduce heterologous genes and regulatory elements made 'metabolic engineering', a very fascinating area of research.However, there is a variety of limitations in metabolic engineering that need to be overcome.