Use of Cell Culture in Production of Secondary Metabolites Suspension Cultures and Immobilized Plant Cells, Laboratory, Industury, Medicines, Glycosides, Phenolics, Physiological, Biochemical

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Home >> Culture Media and Cell Culture >> Use of Cell Culture in Production of Secondary Metabolites (Suspension Cultures and Immobilized Plant Cells)

Culture Media and Cell Culture
Laboratory Space Requirement for Plant Tissue Culture
Washing and Sterilization in Plant Tissue Culture
Culture Media
Suspension Cultures
Culture of Single Cells (Bergmann's Cell Plating Technique)
Use of Cell Culture in Mutant Selection
Use of Cell Culture in Production of Secondary Metabolites (Suspension Cultures and Immobilized Plant Cells)

	Use of Cell Culture in Production of Secondary Metabolites (Suspension Cultures and Immobilized Plant Cells) - It is well known that plants are an important source for a variety of chemicals used for a variety of purposes including pharmacy, medicine and industry. In recent years, plant cell suspension cultures and immobilized cells (see Chapter 23) are being utilized for the production of these chemicals on a commercial scale, due to the following advantages over extraction from whole plants:
(i) The yield and quality of the product is more consistent in cell cultures because it is not influenced by the environment. (ii) The production schedule can be predicted and controlled in the laboratory or industry. The most important chemicals produced using cell cultures are secondary metabolites, which are defined as 'those cell constituents which are not essential for survival'. These secondary metabolites include alkaloids, glycosides (steroids and phenolics), terpenoids and a variety of flavours, perfumes, agrochemicals, etc.
The yield of these chemicals in cell culture is though generally lower than in whole plants, it can be substantially increased by manipulating physiological and biochemical conditions. In some cases cell cultures accumulate these secondary metabolites at levels higher (2-10 times) than those found in whole mother plants, from which cell culture has been prepared. Automation in cell cultures discussed in the next chapter can be used for industrial production of secondary metabolites. However, sometimes immobilized plant cells are used instead of suspension cultures to increase the efficiency of production system. These are described in more detail in Chapter 23, along with a discussion on immobilized enzymes.

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