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Cloning by Immunological Methods - Immunochemical detection of clones can be applied, provided the bacteria having the vector code for the protein specific of the insert. This method uses the 3 points of ability of IgG molecules for screening.

1. IgG can bind to different determinants or epitopes on the antigen.

2. It binds to plastic or PVC very strongly and cannot be removed by repeated washing.

3. IgG molecules can be radiolabelled very easily and by in vitro method.

The only drawback in this method is that it can be applied only when IgG molecules against the insert coded protein are available. In this method, transformed cells growing on the petri plate are replicaplated onto a fresh plate, as the subsequent steps will kill the cell. After replica plating, the cells are killed or lysed by using chloroform or UV.

This step releases the proteins outside. Then a sheet coated with unlabelled antibodies (specific against gene protein of interest) is placed over the medium such that an antigen antibody complex is formed and sticks to the sheet. The sheet is removed and incubated in labelled antibodies (specific against the gene of interest).

The labelled IgG molecules will bind to the antigen-antibody complex to form a sandwich, in which the antigen is in between the antibody. Positively reacting colonies are detected by washing the sheet and making an autoradiography image.

The required clone can be collected from the replica plate. This method is useful in identifying the fusion proteins, where two proteins are fused. Just by changing the antibody specificity, only fusion proteins can be identified.