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Home >> Genomics and Bioinformatics >> Genome Sequencing Projects
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Genome Sequencing Projects- The organisms selected for genome projects were mostly used in genetic and other scientific investigations. Thus these organisms may be regarded as model organisms. A model organism is an organism about which a large amount of scientific knowledge is already available.

These organisms include both prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms as well as animals and plants, e.g., E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Achacoglobus fulgidus, yeast (S. cerevisiae), A. thaliana, roundworm (c. elegans) and the fruitfly (D. melanogaster).

In addition, human genome project focussed on sequencing of the whole human genome.

E. coli is, without any doubt, the best studied microorganism. Many of the technological tools available today were developed for the E. coli genome project. The E. coli genome sequencing was completed in 1997. The genome size is just over 4.64 x 106 bp and contains 4,408 genes.

B. subtilis is a Gram positive bacterium that colonizes leaf surfaces. It is much used in industrial processes for both enzyme production and food supply fermentation. It is generally regarded as Safe (GRAS). It has a genome of 4.21 x 106bp that contains some 4,212 genes. A. fulgidus is a strictly anaerobic archaebacterium. Its genome sequence was publislied in 1997.

The genome size is 2.2 x 1()6 bp; it contains 2,493 genes. S. cerevisiae is perhaps the most important fungal species used in biotechnological processes. Its name derives from the fact that it can ferment saccharose (sugar). S. cerevisiae genome sequencing project began in 1989, and the sequencing was completed in 1999. Yeast genome is 12.8 x 106 bp and is estimated to contain 6,548 genes.

 
   
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