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History of Bioinformatics- The first comprehensive collection of amino acid sequences was compiled in the "Atlas of Protein Sequence and Structure" by the National Biomedical Research Foundation. This collection was edited by M.O. Dayhoff from 1965 to 1978.

Dayhoff and coworkers also made notable contributions to the comparison of amino acid sequences by developing computer software for detecting distantly related sequences, inferring evolutionary relationships, etc.

The European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) established their data library in 1980 to collect, organize arid distribute nucleotide sequence data and related information. This function is now performed by the European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI), Hinxton, U.K.

During early 1980s, the National Centre for Bioinformatics Information (NCBI) was established in USA. NCBI serves as primary information databank and provider of information. Some time later, DNA Data Bank was established by Japan. The National Biomedical Research Foundation established the Protein Information Resource (PIR) in 1984.

PIR helps researchers in the identification and interpretation of protein sequence information. All these databanks operate in close collaboration and regularly exchange data. The databanks serve as an important resource to all researchers interested in biological phenomena, particularly molecular aspects of biological sciences.

The management and analysis of the rapidly accumulating sequence data, required new computer software and statistical methods. This attracted scientists from computer science and mathematics to the fast emerging field of bioinformatics.

As a result, a variety of methods and tools were and are being developed that greatly facilitate management, utilization and dissemination of biological information; this is one of the major advantages of bioinformatics.