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Ploidy Status of Androgenous Plants - Though one would expect all plants arising from an anther culture to be haploids, such is not so. Plants with various ploidy levels (basic chromosome number) can be detected. Higher ploidy levels have been reported in brinjal, Atropa, Petunia, rice, and Brassica.

There are several reasons why this happens in culture. Endoduplication i.e., doubling of the chromosome complement without the accompanying cell wall formation of chromosomes, fusion between nuclei occurring within the pollen, or formation of abnormal microspores (formed at microsporogenesis as normal pollen)) are some reasons why plants produce higher levels of chromosomes.