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Pollen Culture - The technique of anther culture suffers from one main disadvantage, Le., plants may, originate not only from the pollen grains, but also from various parts of the anther, with the result that a mixed population of plants with various levels of ploidy may be obtained in a given culture.

These plantlets of higher ploidy originating from the diploid tissue cannot be utilized for production of true breeding lines though they may have other uses. In addition, the anther wall may also have deleterious effects on the development of pollen grains into embryos.

Because of these disadvantages, culture of isolated pollen, is preferred today. Aside from the certainty of genetic purity of the plants, culture of pollen grains has potentially several other advantages, primarily they can be plated and manipulated like microorganisms and thus are very useful for studies on mutation and genetic transformation.

In 1953, Tulecke was able to obtain callus from isolated pollen cultures of gymnosperms. The first report on tissue formation from isolated pollen of an angiosperm was published by Kameya and Hinata (1970).