Mendels Law of Segregation,Genotype,Fertilization,Homozygous,Recessive Phenotype,Parent Plants

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	Mendels Law of Segregation - The second law states that during the formation of gametes (eggs or sperm), the two alleles responsible for a trait separate from each other. Alleles for a trait are then recombined at fertilization, producing the genotype for the traits of the offspring. So, he took two of the F₁generation (which are tall) and crossed them. His new batch of pea plants (the F₂ generation) is about 3/4 tall and 1/4 short. The parent plants for this cross each have one tall factor that dominates the short factor and causes them to grow tall.
To get short plants from these parents, the tall and short factors must separate, otherwise a plant with just short factors could not be produced.The factors must segregate themselves somewhere between the production of sex cells and fertilization. It can be seen from the p-square that any time two hybrids are crossed, 3 of the 4 boxes will produce an organism with the dominant trait (in this example TI, Tt, and Tt), and 1 of the 4 boxes ends up homozygous recessive, producing an organism with the recessive phenotype. When two parents have the same phenotype for a trait but some of their offspring look different with respect to that trait, the parents must be hybrid for that trait.