Back to Home
Home >> Mendels Laws >>Mendels Laws
Back to Home

Mendels Laws - For centuries, people realized that individual characteristics were passed on from parent to offspring.

When a child is born people look for its resemblance with the parents or close blood relatives.

Questions relating to the nature and the basis for this relationship have occupied the thoughts of man for centuries.

However the mechanism of inheritance was not generally understood until early this century.

Serious systematic attempts to seek answers to these questions began only in the 18th century.

A number of scientists had worked on plant hybridization during the 18th and 19th centuries prior to Mendel.

Koelreuter conducted extensive studies on hybridization and proposed the theory of uniformity and heterosis in F1 and variations in F2.

The following important conclusions were available to Mendel from the studies of his predecessors.

1. In F1 hybrids, some characteristics are identical to those of one of the two parents, some are similar to those of the other parent, while some others are intermediate between those of the two parents.

2. Characteristics of F1 and F2 progeny produced by reciprocal crosses are identical. This observation clearly demonstrates that the contributions of male and female parents to the characteristics of the progeny are equal.

3. F1 progeny from a single cross are uniform in their characteristics. That is, all the plants in F1 from a cross are similar to each other. But F2 generation shows a large variation for different characteristics.

4. In F2 generation, some plants have characteristics similar to one parent, while some others are similar to the other parent in their appearance. The appearance of parental forms in F2 was called reversion. But a majority of the plants were intermediate in appearance between the two parents.

5. Some plants in F2 have entirely new characteristic forms.