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Reciprocal Chromosome Translocation - In reciprocal translocation, two non homologous chromosomes exchange segments. Each chromosome will give a segment and take a segment. Reciprocal translocation requires a single break in each of the two non homologous chromosomes and a reunion of the chromosome segments thus produced.

A non equal reciprocal translocation between two acrocentric chromosomes may produce a dot or micro chromosome and a metacentric chromosome. This is called as centric fusion. And a process of unequal reciprocal translocation between a mini chromosome and metacentric chromosome is called as dissociation.