Nuclear Genomic Components, Homologous, Mammalian cells, DNA integrates, Nuclear components, Host genome, Centromeric fragments

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	Nuclear Genomic Components - Vectors have been constructed from yeast chromosomal DNA which allow integration into the host genome without or with replacement of homologous host loci. A. homologous transformation system does not exist as yet in plants. In mammalian cells integration of DNA does not occur by homologous, recombination; the inserted DNA integrates at random. If a similar situation proves true for plants, there may be no need for specialized vectors derived from nuclear components.
Another type of successful yeast vector has been constructed using autonomously replicating DNA sequences which may represent origins of DNA replication. Yeast vectors of this type give higher transformation frequencies with or without selection pressure being applied to maintain the vector, which is retained in an autonomously replicating form These latter types of vectors are portions of the centromeric fragments of the chromosome, and it may be that they behave as such allowing normal segregation at cell division.