Genotype of Explant in Somatic Embryo Regeneration - Explant genotype has a marked influence on SE regeneration, and in many cases it may determine whether or not SE regeneration will occur. Strong genotypic effects have been shown in many species, e.g., alfalfa, wheat, maize, rice, chickpea, etc. In case of alfalfa, individual genes affecting SE regeneration have been identified.
In case of wheat, chromosome 4B is important in regeneration, a major gene affecting regeneration is located on the long arm of chromosome 2D, minor genes on the long arm of chromosome 2A and short arm of 2B, and a regulatory gene on the long arm of chromosome 2B.
Variation for regeneration ability is mainly additive and highly heritable in maize, rice and wheat, but in barley dominance seems to be more important. In case of wheat, rice and maize cytoplasm has a strong influence on regeneration.