The virus genome is generally used to produce shuttle vectors by using the transforming region of viral genome.
Eukaryotic DNA segments are first cloned in E. coli to select recombinant DNAs.
Then the E. coli plasmid, say, pBR322, is deleted from the vector and the linear recombinant DNA is introduced into animal cells; the recombinant DNA now becomes circular and replicates as a plasmid. The E. coli neo gene may be included within the vector; this allows easy selection of transfected cells by culturing them on a medium containing the aminoglycoside G-418.
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