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Phage M13 Vectors - These vectors are used for obtaining single-strand copies of cloned DNA, which are especially suited for DNA sequencing. They are derived from the 6.4 kb genome of the E. coli filamentous bacteriophage M13.

This phage has a single-stranded linear DNA genome in phage particles, which converts into a double stranded circular replicative intermediate within the host cells. M13 infects only F+ cells; it does not kill the cells, but forms turbid plaques due to growth retardation of infected cells.

Ordinarily, the double stranded form is used to produce recombinant molecules since single-stranded DNAs are not cleaved by type II restriction endonucleases; this form is readily isolated from M13-infected E. coli cells.

However, the single-stranded form of M 13 is used to recover single-stranded copies of the DNA inserts; this form of vector is available from the phage particles abundant in the growth medium.