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Home >> Somaclonal Variation, Micropropagation and Tissue Culture >> Ovary Culture
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Ovary Culture - In vitro rooting of the pedicel and a limited growth of ovaries, on a culture medium, were obtained rather early (La Rue, 1942), although technique for growing excised ovaries on culture medium was developed later in several plant materials, including tobacco, tomato, beans, etc. Subsequently mature fruits containing seeds could be successfully obtained from ovaries excised from pollinated flowers (e.g. Cucumis, tomato).

In our own country, at Delhi University (under the leadership of late Prof. P. Maheshwari), healthy fruits from excised ovaries could be successfully obtained in several plant materials including Iberis amara (an ornamental).

Ovary culture is often used either for in vitro pollination and fertilization (as discussed earlier) or for embryo rescue, when the embryo culture and ovule culture either fail, or are not feasible due to very small ovules. Interspecific hybrids, using ovary culture, have successfully been obtained in several genera including Brassica (B. campestris x B. oleracea).

For interspecific or intergeneric crosses, ovaries are excised at the zygote stage or at the two celled proembryo stage and normal development is completed in vitro. The development of fruit may be promoted by application of chemicals like IAA, or by addition of coconut milk to the medium.

Ovary culture, prior to fertilization, may also lead to the development of parthenogenetic haploids. This has been achieved successfully in materials like wheat, barley and other crops.Ovary culture has also been used for a study of the understanding of physiology of fruit development.

For this purpose, specific chemicals may be added and their effect observed by comparing the development with that in control. This is ordinarily not possible, when the treatment is given to the entire plant, because the chemical may undergo alterations, exercising a different effect on ovary growth and development.

 

 
 

 
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