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Target Molecules Resistant to the Herbicide -

There are several cases where a mutant gene encoding a target molecule that is insensitive to the herbicide has been used to produce herbicide resistant plants. For example, resistance for glyphosate is generated by gene aroA, which encodes a form of enzyme EPSPS that is reactively insensitive to glyphosate.

The gene aroA was isolated from Salmonella typhimurium or E. coli and was transferred into tomato and tobacco. The transgenic plants so obtained were resistant to glyphosate.

Similarly, sulphonylurea compounds and imidazolinones inhibit the enzyme acetolactate synthase (ALS), which is involved in the biosynthesis of branched chain amino acids like leucine, isoleucine and valine.Transgenic tobacco plants expressing a mutant ALS gene from tobacco or Arabidopsis, were tolerant to sulphonylurea herbicides.